Manufacture of ASTM A484, ASME SA484 Stainless Steel Bars, Flats, Angles, Channels, Forgings, Billets

Manufacturer of ASTM A-484, ASME SA-484 Stainless Steel Bar, Flat, Angle, Channel, Forging, Billet
Designation: A 484/A 484M – 03a
Standard Specification for
General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and
Forgings1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 484/A 484M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

Scope*
1.1 This specification2 covers general requirements that
shall apply to wrought stainless steel bars, shapes, forgings,
and billets or other semi-finished material (except wire) for
forging, under the latest revision of each of the following
ASTM specifications: A 276, A 314, A 458, A 473, A 477,
A 479/A 479M, A 564/A 564M, A 565, A 582/A 582M,
A 638/A 638M, A 705/A 705M, and A 831/A 831M.
1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a
product specification and a requirement of this specification,
the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict
between a requirement of the product specification or a
requirement of this specification and a more stringent requirement
of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail.
The purchase order requirements shall not take precedence if
they, in any way, violate the requirements of the product
specification or this specification; for example, by waiving a
test requirement or by making a test requirement less stringent.
1.3 The requirements for introduction of new materials in
specifications referencing this specification are given in Annex
A1.
1.4 General requirements for flat-rolled stainless steel products
other than bar are covered in SpecificationA 480/A 480M.
1.5 General requirements for wire products in coils are
covered in Specification A 555/A 555M.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard;
within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets].
The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents;
therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.
Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the specification.
1.7 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels3
A 276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes3
A 314 Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for
Forging3
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products3
A 458 Specification for Hot-Worked, Hot-Cold-Worked,
and Cold-Worked Alloy Steel Bars for High Strength at
Elevated Temperature4
A 473 Specification for Stainless Steel Forgings3
A 479/A 479M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and
Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels3
A 480/A 480M Specification for General Requirements for
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
Sheet, and Strip3
A 555/A 555M Specification for General Requirements for
Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Wire and Wire Rods3
A 564/A 564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-
Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes3
A 565 Specification for Martensitic Stainless Steel Bars,
Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service3
A 582/A 582M Specification for Free-Machining Stainless
and Steel Bars3
A 638/A 638M Specification for Precipitation Hardening
Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock
for High-Temperature Service3
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment5
A 705/A 705M Specification for Age-Hardening Stainless
Steel Forgings3
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products3
A 831/A 831M Specification for Austenitic and Martensitic 1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.17 on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originally
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 484/A 484M – 03.
2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications, see related Specification
SA-484/SA-484M in Section II of that code.
3 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
4 Discontinued, see 1991 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
5 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
1
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings for Liquid Metal
Cooled Reactor Core Components3
E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size6
E 139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,
and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials6
2.2 Federal Standards:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)7
Fed Std. No. 183 Continuous Marking of Iron and Steel
Products7
2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage7
MIL-STD-163 Preservation of Steel Products for Shipment
(Storage and Overseas Shipment)7
2.4 Other Standard:
Primary Metals Bar Code Standard8
Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 Bars, shapes, forgings, billets, or other semi-finished
material used in this specification are defined as follows:
3.1.1.1 Bars, n—straight lengths that are produced by processing
that includes hot deformation, such as rolling, forging,
or extrusion. The permitted cross-sections include round,
rectangular, and complex shapes. Bar shall include shapes with
all dimensions under 5 in. [125 mm]. Bar shall include
hot-rolled flats with width of 10 in. [250 mm] or less, and with
thickness 0.125 in. [3.00 mm] or greater. Bar shall include flats
with width of 10 in. [250 mm] or less, and with thickness 0.125
in. [3.00 mm] or greater, cut from strip or plate provided that
the long direction of the cut bar is parallel to the final rolling
direction of the strip or plate.
NOTE 1—All cold-reduced flat material with thickness less than 0.1875
in. [5.00 mm] and width 0.375 in. [9.50 mm] and over is classified as strip.
3.1.1.2 billets, n—semi-finished products, typically produced
by rolling, forging, or continuous casting, that require
subsequent hot working by rolling, forging, or extrusion.
Billets typically have a cross-section area of 36 in.2 or less (230
cm2) and shape that is square or rectangular with width less
than twice the thickness. Rectangular cross sections with width
equal to or greater than twice the thickness are classified as
slabs or sheet bars.
3.1.1.3 blooms, n—semi-finished products, typically produced
by rolling or continuous casting, that require subsequent
hot working by rolling or forging. Blooms typically have a
cross section area of greater than 36 in.2 (230 cm2) and shape
that is square or rectangular with width less than twice the
thickness. Rectangular cross sections with width equal to or
greater than twice the thickness are classified as slabs or sheet
bars.
3.1.1.4 forgings, n—parts, including bars, billets, semifinished
products, or complex shapes, produced by hot mechanical
working using hammers, presses, or forging machines.
3.1.1.5 shapes, n—bar having a cross section other than
circular, rectangular, or hexagonal.
3.1.1.6 slabs or sheet bars—products, typically produced
by blooming, slabbing, or sheet bar mills or by continuous
casting, that are shipped without further hot working to be
further processed into plate, sheet, or strip. It is permitted to
heat treat, cut to shape, or surface condition a slab or sheet bar.
3.1.2 The terms random lengths, multiple lengths, and dead
or exact lengths are defined as follows:
3.1.2.1 dead lengths or exact lengths—bars, typically hotsheared,
hot-sawed, or machine-cut after machinestraightening,
meeting the permitted variations in length as
listed in the tolerance tables of this specification.
3.1.2.2 multiple lengths—lengths that are specified as containing
a predetermined number of units of length associated
with production of a particular part, commonly including an
allowance of 1/4 in. [6.5 mm] per unit for cutting to insure
obtaining the required number of pieces.
3.1.2.3 random lengths—a length range not less than 24 in.
[1 m]; for example, 10 to 12 ft [3 to 4 m], 14 to 17 ft [4 to 5
m], or 15 to 20 ft [5 to 6 m].
3.1.3 The terms condition and finish are defined as follows:
3.1.3.1 condition—identification of the final step or steps
thermomechanical processing as required to describe the metallurgical
state of the material as delivered. Examples include
hot-worked; hot-worked and annealed; hot-worked, annealed,
and cold-worked for increased mechanical properties; and
hot-worked, quenched, and tempered.
3.1.3.2 finish—description of the surface finish and applicable
dimensional tolerances of the product as delivered, most
typically by identification of the process applied to the product,
and identification of the applicable category of product dimensional
tolerances. Examples of finishing operations include
blasting, pickling, rough turning, machine straightening, centerless
grinding, polishing, and light cold drawing for surface
finish but not for increased mechanical properties. See also
8.1.1 for hot-finished bars and 8.1.3 for cold-finished bars.
Ordering Information
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
specification. Such requirements to be considered include, but
are not limited to, the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces).
4.1.2 Dimensions, including shape or form with diameter or
width and thickness as applicable, length, and prints or
sketches as applicable.
4.1.3 Type or UNS designation.
4.1.4 ASTM specification designation and edition year if
other than the latest edition
4.1.5 Condition.
4.1.6 Finish.
4.1.7 Supplementary Requirements when invoked.
4.1.8 Whether bars are to be rolled as bars or cut from strip
or plate, when applicable.
4.1.9 Preparation for delivery.
4.1.10 Marking requirements.
4.1.11 Surface preparation, for shapes.
4.1.12 Special requirements.
6 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
7 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,
700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111–5094. Attn: NPODS.
8 Available from Automotive Industry Action Group, 26200 Lahser Rd., Ste 200,
Southfield, MI 48034.
A 484/A 484M – 03a
2
NOTE 2—A typical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb [2000
kg]; 1.000 in. [25 mm] round bar by 10 to 12 ft [3 to 4 m]; Type 304 or
S30400; Specification A 479 [A 479M]; annealed, centerless ground; plus
optional requirements, such as special marking instructions.
Materials and Manufacture
5.1 The material shall be made by any process.
5.2 The material shall be furnished in one of the conditions
detailed in the applicable product specification, for example,
hot-worked; hot-worked and annealed; hot-worked, annealed,
and cold-worked; or hot-worked, annealed, and heat-treated.
5.3 The material shall be furnished in one of the finishes as
detailed in Section 8 or further described in the applicable
product specification, for example, hot-finished or coldfinished.
Chemical Composition
6.1 Heat or Cast Analysis—The chemical analysis of each
heat shall be determined in accordance with the applicable
materials specification and Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology
A 751.
6.2 Product Analysis—When required, a product analysis
shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods, Practices,
and Terminology A 751. The chemical composition thus
determined shall conform to the tolerances shown in Table 1.
6.3 The steel shall not contain an unspecified element for
the ordered grade to the extent that the steel conforms to the
requirements of another grade in the referencing product
specification, and any of the product specifications within the
scope of this general requirements specification, for which that
element has a specified minimum.
Heat Treatment
7.1 The heat treatments shown in this section are to be
followed unless otherwise specified in the applicable product
specification.
7.2 Austenitic Grades:
7.2.1 Except for strain-hardened grades (see 7.2.5), and
hot-rolled grades (see 7.2.6), all austenitic stainless steels shall
be furnished in the solution annealed condition in accordance
with Table 2, with subsequent light cold drawing for cold
finishing and straightening permitted.
7.2.2 Except as indicated in Table 2, the austenitic grades
shall be annealed, at the option of the manufacturer, by a
separate annealing treatment or by process annealing.
7.2.2.1 The separate annealing treatment shall consist of
heating the material to the minimum annealing temperature for
the grade as listed in Table 2, holding for a sufficient time to
permit grain boundary carbides to enter into solution, and
cooling rapidly enough to prevent unacceptable grain boundary
carbide precipitation. Except as indicated in Table 2, austenitic
stainless steels solution annealed by a separate annealing
treatment shall be capable of meeting the requirements of
Practice E of Practices A 262. Practice E of Practices A 262 is
not required unless specified on the purchase order.
7.2.2.2 Process annealing shall consist of completing hot
working above the minimum annealing temperature required
for each grade as indicated in Table 2, and cooling rapidly
enough to prevent unacceptable grain boundary carbide precipitation.
Except as indicated in Table 2, austenitic stainless
steels solution annealed by process annealing shall be capable
of meeting the requirements of Practice E of Practices A 262.
Practice E of Practices A 262 is not required unless specified
on the purchase order.
7.2.3 For the stabilized grades, Types 321, 321H, 347,
347H, 348, and 348H, the manufacturer is permitted, if
necessary, to use a lower temperature resolution anneal or a
stabilization anneal after a high temperature anneal in order to
maximize resistance to intergranular corrosion.
NOTE 3—Solution annealing temperatures above 1950° F [1065° C]
may impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after subsequent
exposure to sensitizing conditions for the stabilized grades. When intergranular
corrosion is of concern, the purchaser should specify Practice E
of Practices A 262 (to be conducted on specimens exposed to a sensitizing
treatment). Consideration should be given to the corrosive media before
using a stabilization anneal at less than 1800° F [980° C], as such a
treatment may not be fully effective for all media.
7.2.4 Strain-Hardened Austenitic Grades—When a particular
austenitic grade is desired with increased mechanical
properties, the purchaser is permitted to specify a strain
hardened condition. This condition is produced by solution
annealing the product in accordance with 7.2.1, followed by
strain hardening sufficient to meet the required mechanical
properties. The solution annealed and strain hardened material
shall be capable of meeting the intergranular corrosion test
requirements of Practice E of Practices A 262. Practice E of
PracticesA 262 is not required unless specified on the purchase
order.
7.2.4.1 Individual product specifications are permitted to
define particular strain hardened conditions as functions of
grade, size, and degree of strain hardening.
7.2.5 Hot-Rolled Austenitic Grades—Individual product
specifications are permitted to define requirements for particular
hot-rolled austenitic grades without annealing.
7.3 Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Grades:
7.3.1 The austenitic-ferritic (duplex) grades shall be furnished
in the solution annealed condition in accordance with
Table 2, with subsequent light cold drawing for cold finishing
and straightening permitted.
7.4 Ferritic Grades—Ferritic grades shall be annealed to
meet their respective mechanical testing requirements as
shown in the applicable product specification.
7.5 Martensitic Grades:
7.5.1 All martensitic grades shall be supplied in either the
annealed condition or in the tempered condition as specified by
the purchaser. Tempered material shall be normalized, or shall
be liquid quenched from 1700° F [925° C], minimum, followed
by tempering in accordance with 7.5.2, 7.5.3, or 7.5.4.
A 484/A 484M – 03a
3
7.5.2 Types 403 and 410 tempered material shall be held at
the tempering temperature for at least 1 h/in. (25.4 mm) of
cross section as follows:
7.5.2.1 Condition 1—1250° F [675° C] minimum, 1400° F
[760° C] maximum.
7.5.2.2 Condition 2—1100° F [595° C] minimum, 1400° F
[760° C] maximum.
7.5.2.3 Condition 3—1050° F [565° C] minimum, 1400° F
[760° C] maximum.
7.5.3 Types XM-30, 414, and 431 tempered materials shall
be held at 1100° F [595° C], minimum for at least 1 h/in. [25
mm] of cross section. Maximum tempering temperature shall
be 1400° F [760° C].
7.5.4 S41500 shall be heated to 1750°F [955°C] minimum,
air cooled to 200°F [95°C] or lower prior to any optional
intermediate temper and prior to the final temper. The final
temper shall be between 1050°F [565°C] and 1150°F [620°C].
TABLE 1 Product Analysis Tolerances
NOTE 1—This table specifies tolerances over the maximum limits or under the minimum limits of the chemical requirements of the applicable material
specification (see 1.1); it does not apply to heat analysis.
Element
Upper Limit of Maximum of
Specified Range, %
Tolerances over the
Maximum (Upper
Limit) or Under the
Minimum (Lower
Limit)
Element
Upper Limit or Maximum of
Specified Range, %
Tolerances over the
Maximum (Upper
Limit) or Under the
Minimum (Lower
Limit)
Carbon to 0.010, incl 0.002 Cobalt over 0.05 to 0.50, incl 0.01
over 0.010 to 0.030, incl 0.005 over 0.50 to 2.00, incl 0.02
over 0.030 to 0.20, incl 0.01 over 2.00 to 5.00, incl 0.05
over 0.20 to 0.60, incl 0.02 over 5.00 to 10.00, incl 0.10
over 0.60 to 1.20, incl 0.03 over 10.00 to 15.00, incl 0.15
over 15.00 to 22.00, incl 0.20
over 22.00 to 30.00, incl 0.25
Manganese to 1.00, incl 0.03 Columbium + to 1.50, incl 0.05
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl 0.04 tantalum over 1.50 to 5.00, incl 0.10
over 3.00 to 6.00, incl 0.05 over 5.00 0.15
over 6.00 to 10.00, incl 0.06
over 10.00 to 15.00, incl 0.10
over 15.00 to 20.00, incl 0.15
Phosphorus to 0.040, incl
over 0.040 to 0.20, incl
0.005
0.010
Tantalum to 0.10, incl 0.02
Sulfur to 0.040, incl 0.005 Copper to 0.50, incl 0.03
over 0.040 to 0.20, incl 0.010 over 0.50 to 1.00, incl 0.05
over 0.20 to 0.50, incl 0.020 over 1.00 to 3.00, incl 0.10
over 3.00 to 5.00, incl 0.15
over 5.00 to 10.00, incl 0.20
Silicon to 1.00, incl 0.05 Aluminum to 0.15, incl -0.005
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl 0.10 +0.01
over 3.00 to 6.00 incl. 0.15 over 0.15 to 0.50, incl 0.05
over 0.50 to 2.00, incl 0.10
over 2.00 to 5.00, incl 0.20
over 5.00 to 10.00, incl 0.35
Chromium over 4.00 to 10.00, incl 0.10 Nitrogen to 0.02, incl 0.005
over 10.00 to 15.00, incl 0.15 over 0.02 to 0.19, incl 0.01
over 15.00 to 20.00, incl 0.20 over 0.19 to 0.25, incl 0.02
over 20.00 to 30.00, incl 0.25 over 0.25 to 0.35, incl 0.03
over 0.35 to 0.45, incl 0.04
over 0.45 0.05
Nickel to 1.00, incl 0.03 Tungsten to 1.00, incl 0.03
over 1.00 to 5.00, incl 0.07 over 1.00 to 2.00, incl 0.05
over 5.00 to 10.00, incl 0.10 over 2.00 to 5.00, incl 0.07
over 10.00 to 20.00, incl 0.15 over 5.00 to 10.00, incl 0.10
over 20.00 to 30.00, incl 0.20 over 10.00 to 20.00, incl 0.15
over 30.00 to 40.00, incl 0.25
over 40.00 0.30
Molybdenum over 0.20 to 0.60, incl
over 0.60 to 2.00, incl
over 2.00 to 7.00, incl
over 7.00 to 15.00, incl
over 15.00 to 30.00, incl
0.03
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Vanadium to 0.50, incl
over 0.50 to 1.50, incl
0.03
0.05
Titanium to 1.00, incl
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl
over 3.00
0.05
0.07
0.10
Selenium all 0.03
A 484/A 484M – 03a
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7.5.5 When the purchaser elects to perform the hardening
and tempering heat treatment, martensitic materials shall be
supplied by the manufacturer in the annealed condition (see
7.5.1). In this case the purchaser shall be responsible to apply
the proper heat treatment and to conduct the tests deemed
necessary to assure that the required properties are obtained.
Finish
8.1 The following types of finishes are permitted, as applicable
to the product ordered:
8.1.1 Hot-Finished Bars—Hot-finished bars shall have the
surface finish that results from hot processing, with or without
certain additional surface modification. Hot-finished bars are
commonly produced by hot rolling, forging, pressing, extruding,
or similar hot working procedures applied to ingots,
blooms, or billets. The resulting products are typically subject
to various additional operations affecting the surface of the
bars, including but not limited to one or more of the following:
annealing or other heat treatment; cleaning by blasting, pickling,
or other descaling methods; rough turning; and machine
straightening. The producer is permitted to use centerless
grinding, polishing, or other operations commonly associated
with cold finishing in order to provide improved dimensional
tolerances or surface condition for the hot-finished bar. The
dimensional tolerances applicable to hot-finished bars are less
stringent than those applicable to cold-finished bars.
8.1.2 Bars Cut from Strip or Plate—Bars cut from flatrolled
stainless steel products shall have two surfaces that are
pickled or descaled, and two cut surfaces, except when the bar
is heat treated subsequent to cutting, in which case all surfaces
shall be descaled or pickled.
8.1.3 Cold-Finished Bar—Cold-finished bars shall have the
surface finish that results from hot-finished bars being further
processed by additional mechanical operations on the surface
of the bar, including but not limited to light cold drawing,
burnishing, centerless grinding, and polishing to provide closer
tolerances and improved surface finish. The dimensional tolerances
applicable to cold-finished bars are more stringent than
those applicable to hot-finished bars.
8.1.4 Bars and Billets or Other Semi-Finished Material for
Reforging—Material intended for reforging shall be delivered
in the hot-finished condition. It is permitted to condition the
surface by removing surface defects provided that the depth of
the conditioning does not exceed that which affects the surface
condition or dimensions of the article to be forged from the bar
or billet.
8.1.5 Shapes—Shapes shall be descaled by machining,
grinding, blasting, or pickling.
8.1.5.1 Shapes shall be subject to either Class A or Class C
surface preparation as specified on the purchase order. Class A
consists of grinding for the removal of imperfections of a
hazardous nature, such as fins, tears, and jagged edges,
TABLE 2 Annealing Requirements
Designation/Type TemperatureA Cooling/Testing
Requirements
Permitted AnnealingB
Separate Process
Austenitic (Chromium-Nickel) (Chromium-Nickel-Manganese)
All austenitic grades except as listed below 1900°F [1040°C] AC x xD
All Cr-Ni-Mn grades,
302, S30215, S30452, S30600, S30615, 308,
S30815, S30880, 309, 309S, 310, 310S, 314,
317, S31725, S31726, S32615, S38100
1900°F [1040°C] BE x xD
309Cb, 310Cb, 316Cb, 316Ti, 321, 347, 348 1900°F [1040°C] BE x
304H, 309H, 310H, 316H 1900°F [1040°C] B x
321H, 347H, 348H
Hot-worked 1925°F [1050°C] B x
Cold-worked 2000°F [1095°C] B x
S31254, S32050 2100°F [1150°C] B x
S33228 2050° to 2140°F [1120° to 1170°C] B x
S34565 2050° to 2140°F [1120° to 1170°C] B x
S35315 2010°F [1100°C] B x
N08367 2025°F [1105°C] B x
Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex)
S32100 1900°F [1040°C] B x
S31260 1870° to 2010°F [1020° to 1100°C] B x
S31803 1900°F [1040°C] B x
S32101 1870°F [1020°C] BE x
S32205 1900°F [1040°C] CF x
S32304 1800°F [980°C] BE x
S32550 1900°F [1040°C] BE x
S32750 1880° to 2060°F [1025° to 1125°C] BE x
S32760 2010°F [1100°C] BE x
S32900 1750° 6 25°F [955°6 15°C] BE x
S32950 1850° 6 25°F [1010°6 15°C] BE x
A Minimum annealing temperature unless otherwise specified.
B Permitted annealing procedure, see 7.2.2.
C Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means at a rate sufficient to prevent reprecipitation of carbides, as demonstrable by the capability of passing
Practice E of Practices A 262. Performance of the test is not required unless specified in the purchase order.
D Minimum temperature at which hot rolling is completed shall be 1750° F [1010° C].
E Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means.
F Quenched in water.
A 484/A 484M – 03a
5
provided the underweight tolerance is not exceeded and the
maximum depth of grinding at any one point does not exceed
10 % of the thickness of the section. Class C consists of
grinding for the removal of all visible surface imperfections,
provided that the underweight tolerance is not exceeded and
the maximum depth of grinding at any point does not exceed
10 % of the thickness of the section.
8.1.6 Forgings—Forgings shall be descaled by machining,
blasting, or pickling. The selection of the descaling methods
shall be at the option of the producer unless a particular
descaling method is specified in the purchase order.
Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
9.1 Unless otherwise specified on the purchase order, the
material shall conform to the permitted variations in dimensions
as specified in the following:
9.1.1 Bars—Tables 3-12.
9.1.2 Shapes—Tables 13-19 and Figs. 1 and 2.
9.1.3 Forgings—As specified in the purchase order, or in
prints or sketches accompanying the purchase order.
9.1.4 Billets or Other Semi-Finished Material for
Reforging—Billets and other semi-finished material shall conform
to the shape and dimensions specified by the purchaser
within a permitted variation of 65 %.
Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
10.1 The material shall be of uniform quality consistent
with good manufacturing and inspection practices. Imperfections
shall be of such a nature or degree for the type and quality
ordered, that they shall not adversely affect the forming,
machining, or fabrication of finished parts.
Sampling
11.1 A lot for product analysis shall consist of all bars,
shapes, or forgings made from the same heat.
11.2 For other tests required by the product specification, a
lot shall consist of all bar products of the same size, or forgings
weighing less than 1000 lb [500 kg] each, from the same heat,
and produced under the same processing conditions. All
austenitic, ferritic, austenitic-ferritic, and free-machining
grades, martensitic grades annealed to Condition A, and
precipitation or age-hardening grades when solution treated are
permitted to be heat treated in the same furnace or in several
furnaces utilizing controlled processing and equipment (see
Appendix X1). When heat treating martensitic stainless steels
to Condition T or H, and when age hardening the precipitation
hardening grades, a lot shall consist of the same size, same
heat, and the same heat treat charge in a batch-type furnace or
under the same conditions in a continuous furnace.
11.2.1 For forgings weighing from 1000 lb [500 kg] to 5000
lb [2500 kg] each, a lot shall consist of one size classification
from each heat and each heat-treating charge. Where continuous
heat-treating furnaces are used, a lot shall consist of one
size classification from each heat, heated in a period of 8 h or
less.
11.2.2 For all classes of forgings weighing from 5000 to
7000 lb [2300 to 3200 kg], each unit shall be considered a lot.
11.2.3 For all classes of forgings weighing more than 7000
lb [3200 kg], each unit shall be considered a double lot, and
two tension tests shall be required, one from each end of each
forging. In the case of ring forgings, the tension test specimens
shall be removed from each of two locations on the periphery,
approximately 180° apart, and insofar as practicable, from
opposite ends of the forging.
Number of Tests and Retests
12.1 Unless otherwise specified in the product specification,
one sample per heat shall be selected for chemical analysis and
one mechanical test sample shall be selected from each lot of
bars and shapes and from each lot of forgings. Except for bars
TABLE 3 Permitted Variations in Size of Hot-Finished Round, Turned,A and Square Bars
Specified Size, in. [mm]
Permitted Variations from Specified Size,
in. [mm] Out-of-RoundB or
Out-of-Square,C in. [mm]
Over Under
5/16 to 7/16 [8.00 to 11.00], inclD 0.006 [0.15] 0.006 [0.15] 0.009 [0.23]
Over 7/16 to 5/8 [11.00 to 15.50], inclD 0.007 [0.18] 0.007 [0.18] 0.010 [0.26]
Over 5/8 to 7/8 [15.50 to 22.00], incl 0.008 [0.20] 0.008 [0.20] 0.012 [0.30]
Over 7/8 to 1 [22.00 to 25.00], incl 0.009 [0.23] 0.009 [0.23] 0.013 [0.34]
Over 1 to 11/8 [25.00 to 28.00], incl 0.010 [0.25] 0.010 [0.25] 0.015 [0.38]
Over 11/8 to 11/4 [28.00 to 31.50], incl 0.011 [0.28] 0.011 [0.28] 0.016 [0.42]
Over 11/4 to 13/8 [31.50 to 34.50], incl 0.012 [0.30] 0.012 [0.30] 0.018 [0.46]
Over 13/8 to 11/2 [34.50 to 38.00], incl 0.014 [0.35] 0.014 [0.35] 0.021 [0.53]
Over 11/2 to 2 [38.00 to 50.00], incl 1/64 [0.40] 1/64 [0.40] 0.023 [0.60]
Over 2 to 21/2 [50.00 to 63.00], incl 1/32 [0.80] 0 0.023 [0.60]
Over 21/2 to 31/2 [63.00 to 90.00], incl 3/64 [1.20] 0 0.035 [0.90]
Over 31/2 to 41/2 [90.00 to 115.00], incl 1/16 [1.60] 0 0.046 [1.20]
Over 41/2 to 51/2 [115.00 to 140.00], incl 5/64 [2.00] 0 0.058 [1.50]
Over 51/2 to 61/2 [140.00 to 165.00], incl 1/8 [3.00] 0 0.070 [1.80]
Over 61/2 to 8 [165.00 to 200.00], incl 5/32 [4.00] 0 0.085 [2.20]
Over 8 to 12 [200.00 to 300.00], inclA 3/16 [4.80] 0 3/32 [2.40]
Over 12 to 15 [300.00 to 400.00], inclA 7/32 [5.50] 0 7/64 [2.80]
Over 15 to 25 [400.00 to 625.00], inclA 1/4 [6.50] 0 1/8 [3.20]
A Turned bars are generally available from 2 to 25 in. [50 to 625 mm] in diameter, over 8 in. [200 mm] only turned bars are available.
B Out-of-round is the difference between the maximum and minimum diameters of the bar measured at the same cross section.
C Out-of-square section is the difference in the two dimensions at the same cross section of a square bar, each dimension being the distance between opposite faces.
D Size tolerances have not been evolved for round sections in the size range of 5/16 in. [8.00 mm] to approximately 5/8 in. [15.5 mm] in diameter which are produced on
rod mills in coils.
A 484/A 484M – 03a
6
cut from strip or plate, tension tests of bars and shapes shall be
made in the longitudinal direction. Testing for bars cut from
strip or plate shall conform to the requirements of the applicable
product specification for the strip or plate and to
Specification A 480/A 480M. Hardness tests on bars shall be
conducted midway between the center and surface of the
product. Tension tests on forgings shall be prepared from
suitable prolongations, or at the option of the supplier, excess
TABLE 4 Permitted Variations in Size of Hot-Finished Hexagonal and Octagonal Bar
Specified Sizes Measured Between Opposite
Sides, in. [mm]
Permitted Variations from Specified Size,
in. [mm]
Maximum Difference in 3
Measurements for Hexagons
Only, Over Under in. [mm]
1/4 to 1/2 [6.50 to 13.00], incl 0.007 [0.18] 0.007 [0.18] 0.011 [0.28]
Over 1/2 to 1 [13.00 to 25.00], incl 0.010 [0.25] 0.010 [0.25] 0.015 [0.38]
Over 1 to 11/2 [25.00 to 38.00], incl 0.021 [0.53] 0.021 [0.53] 0.025 [0.64]
Over 11/2 to 2 [38.00 to 50.00], incl 1/32 [0.80] 1/32 [0.80] 1/32 [0.80]
Over 2 to 21/2 [50.00 to 63.00], incl 3/64 [1.20] 3/64 [1.20] 3/64 [1.20]
Over 21/2 to 31/2 [63.00 to 90.00], incl 1/16 [1.60] 1/16 [1.60] 1/16 [1.60]
TABLE 5 Permitted Variations in Thickness and Width for Hot-Finished Flat Bars Rolled as Bars
Specified Width,
in. [mm]
Permitted Variations in Thickness for Thicknesses Given, in. [mm] Permitted
Variations in
Width, in,
[mm]
1/8 to 1/2
[3.2 to 13], incl
Over 1/2 to 1
[13 to 25], incl
Over 1 to 2
[25 to 50], incl
Over 2 to 4
[50 to 100], incl
Over 4 to 6
[100 to 150], incl
Over 6 to 8
[150 to 200], incl
Over Under Over Under Over Under Over Under Over Under Over Under Over Under
To 1 [25.00], incl 0.008
[0.20]
0.008
[0.20]
0.010
[0.25]
0.010
[0.25]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.015
[0.40]
0.015
[0.40]
Over 1 to 2 [25.00 to
50.00], incl
0.012
[0.30]
0.012
[0.30]
0.015
[0.40]
0.015
[0.40]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
Over 2 to 4 [50.00 to
100.00], incl
0.015
[0.40]
0.015
[0.40]
0.020
[0.50]
0.020
[0.50]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.062
[1.60]
0.031
[0.80]
. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.062
[1.60]
0.031
[0.80]
Over 4 to 6 [100.00 to
150.00], incl
0.015
[0.40]
0.015
[0.40]
0.020
[0.50]
0.020
[0.50]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.062
[1.60]
0.031
[0.80]
0.093
[2.40]
0.062
[1.60]
. . . . . . 0.093
[2.40]
0.062
[1.60]
Over 6 to 8 [150.00 to
200.00], incl
0.016
[0.40]
0.016
[0.40]
0.025
[0.65]
0.025
[0.65]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.062
[1.60]
0.031
[0.80]
0.093
[2.40]
0.062
[1.60]
0.125
[3.20]
0.156
[4.00]
0.125
[3.20]
0.156
[4.00]
Over 8 to 10 [200.00 to
250.00], incl
0.020
[0.50]
0.020
[0.50]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
0.062
[1.60]
0.031
[0.80]
0.093
[2.40]
0.062
[1.60]
0.125
[3.20]
0.156
[4.00]
0.156
[4.00]
0.187
[4.80]
TABLE 6 Permitted Variations in Dimensions for Flat Bars Cut from Strip or Plate
Order Thickness
Permitted Variation in
Thickness, in. [mm]
Permitted VariationA in Width
Permitted Variation in
LengthB
Over Under
Widths to 4 [100] Widths Over 4 [100]
Over Under
Over Under Over Under
Over 0.114 to 0.130 [2.90 to 3.30],
incl
0.010
[0.25]
0.010
[0.25]
0.094
[2.40]
0.031
[0.80]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.188
[4.80]
0
0
Over 0.130 to 0.145 [3.30 to 3.70],
incl
0.012
[0.30]
0.012
[0.30]
0.094
[2.40]
0.031
[0.80]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.188
[4.80]
0
0
Over 0.145 to less than 3/16 , [3.70
to 4.80]
0.014
[0.35]
0.014
[0.35]
0.094
[2.40]
0.031
[0.80]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.188
[4.80]
0
0
3/16 to 3/8 [4.80 to 9.00], excl 0.050
[1.25]
0.010
[0.25]
0.094
[2.40]
0.031
[0.80]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.188
[4.80]
0
0
3/8 to 3/4 [9.00 to 19.00], excl 0.060
[1.50]
0.010
[0.25]
0.094
[2.40]
0.031
[0.80]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.188
[4.80]
0
0
3/4 to 1 [19.00 to 25.00], excl 0.065
[1.65]
0.010
[0.25]
0.094
[2.40]
0.031
[0.80]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.188
[4.80]
0
0
1 to 2 [25.00 to 50.00], excl 0.075
[1.90]
0.010
[0.25]
0.094
[2.40]
0.031
[0.80]
0.094
[2.40]
0.094
[2.40]
0.188
[4.80]
0
0
2 to 3 [50.00 to 75.00], excl 0.150
[3.80]
0.010
[0.25]
0.125
[3.00]
0.062
[1.60]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.250
[6.50]
0
0
3 to 4 [75.00 to 100.00], excl 0.210
[5.30]
0.010
[0.25]
0.125
[3.00]
0.062
[1.60]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.250
[6.50]
0
0
4 to 6 [100.00 to 150.00], excl 0.300
[7.60]
0.010
[0.25]
0.125
[3.00]
0.062
[1.60]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.250
[6.50]
0
0
6 to 8 [150.00 to 200.00], excl 0.420
[10.65]
0.010
[0.25]
0.125
[3.00]
0.062
[1.60]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.250
[6.50]
0
0
8 to 10 [200.00 to 250.00], excl 0.540
[13.70]
0.010
[0.25]
0.125
[3.00]
0.062
[1.60]
0.125
[3.00]
0.125
[3.00]
0.250
[6.50]
0
0
A By agreement between purchaser and seller, tolerances can be shifted as desired to any combination of plus-minus tolerance between all minus and all plus.
B Not applicable when bars are ordered random length.
A 484/A 484M – 03a
7
forgings may be provided for test. All tests shall conform to the
chemical and mechanical requirements of the product specification.
12.2 One intergranular corrosion test, when required, and
one grain size test, when required shall be made on each lot.
Often, it is convenient to obtain test material from the
specimen selected for mechanical testing.
12.3 If any test specimen shows defective machining or
flaws, it is permitted to discard the specimen and to substitute
another specimen.
12.4 If the results of any test are not in conformance with
the requirements of this specification or the requirements of the
applicable product specification, it is permitted to retest a new
sample of two specimens, to replace the original failed sample.
If one of the retest specimens fails, the lot shall be rejected.
Retreatment
13.1 Where the failure of a lot is attributable to inadequate
heat treatment, the producer may reheat treat the material and
submit the retreated material for test.
Test Methods
14.1 The properties enumerated in the applicable product
specification shall be tested in accordance with the following
ASTM methods:
14.1.1 Chemical Analysis—Test Methods, Practices, and
Terminology A 751.
14.1.2 Tension Tests—Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
14.1.3 Stress Rupture—Practice E 139.
14.1.4 Brinell Hardness—Test Methods and Definitions
A 370.
14.1.5 Rockwell Hardness—Test Methods and Definitions
A 370.
14.1.6 Intergranular Corrosion—Practice E of Practices
A 262.
14.1.7 Grain Size—Test Methods E 112.
TABLE 7 Permitted Variations in Size of Cold-Finished
Round Bars
Specified Size, in. [mm]
Permitted Variations from Specified
Size, in. [mm]A,B
Over Under
1/16 to 5/16 [1.50 to 8.00], excl 0.001 [0.03] 0.001 [0.03]
5/16 to 1/2 [8.00 to 13.00], excl 0.0015 [0.04] 0.0015 [0.04]
1/2 to 1 [13.00 to 25.00], excl 0.002 [0.05] 0.002 [0.05]
1 to 11/2 [25.00 to 38.00], excl 0.0025 [0.06] 0.0025 [0.06]
11/2 to 4 [38.00 to 100.00], inclC 0.003 [0.08] 0.003 [0.08]
A Unless otherwise specified, size tolerances are over and under as shown in
the above table. When required, however, they may be specified all over and
nothing under, or all under and nothing over, or any combination of over and under,
if the total spread in size tolerance for a specified size is not less than the total
spread shown in the table.
B When it is necessary to heat treat or heat treat and pickle after cold finishing,
size tolerances are double those shown in the table.
C Cold-finished bars over 4 in. [100 mm] in diameter are produced; size
tolerances for such bars are not included herein.
TABLE 8 Permitted Variations in Size of Cold Finished
Hexagonal, Octagonal, and Square Bars
Specified Size,A in. [mm]
Permitted Variations from
Specified Size,
in. [mm]B
Over Under
1/8 to 5/16 [3.00 to 8.00], excl 0 0.002 [0.05]
5/16 to 1/2 [8.00 to 13.00], excl 0 0.003 [0.08]
1/2 to 1 [13.00 to 25.00], incl 0 0.004 [0.10]
Over 1 to 2 [25.00 to 50.00], incl 0 0.006 [0.15]
Over 2 to 3 [50.00 to 75.00], incl 0 0.008 [0.20]
Over 3 [75.00] 0 0.010 [0.25]
A Distance across flats.
B When it is necessary to heat treat or heat treat and pickle after cold finishing,
size tolerances are double those shown in the table.
TABLE 9 Permitted Variations in Width and Thickness of Cold-
Finished Flat Bars
Width, in. [mm]
Permitted Variations in Width, Over and
Under, in. [mm]A
For Thicknesses
1/4 in. [6.5]
and Under
For Thicknesses
Over 1/4 in.
[6.5]
1/16 to 3/8 [1.50 to 9.50], incl 0.005 [0.12] 0.005 [0.12]
Over 3/8 to 1 [9.50 to 25.00], incl 0.004 [0.10] 0.004 [0.10]
Over 1 to 2 [25.00 to 50.00], incl 0.006 [0.15] 0.004 [0.10]
Over 2 to 3 [50.00 to 75.00], incl 0.008 [0.20] 0.004 [0.10]
Over 3 to 41/2 [75.00 to 115.00], incl 0.010 [0.25] 0.005 [0.13]
Thickness, in. [mm]
Permitted Variations
in Thickness, Over
and Under, in [mm]A
Up to .029 [0.70], incl 0.001 [0.03]
Over .029 to .035 [0.70 to 1.00], incl 0.0015 [0.04]
Over .035 to 1 [1.00 to 25.00], incl 0.002 [0.05]
Over 1 to 2 [25.00 to 50.00], incl 0.003 [0.08]
Over 2 to 3 [50.00 to 75.00], incl 0.004 [0.10]
Over 3 to 41/2 [75.00 to 115.00], inclB 0.005 [0.13]
A When it is necessary to heat treat or heat treat and pickle after cold finishing,
size tolerances are double those shown in the table.
B Cold-finished flat bars over 41/2 in. [115 mm] wide or thick are produced; width
and thickness tolerances for such bars are not included herein.
TABLE 10 Permitted Variations in Length of Hot-Finished or
Cold-Finished Bars
Specified Size of
Rounds, Squares,
Hexagons, Octagons,
and Widths
of Flats,A in. [mm]
Permitted Variations in Length, in. [mm]B
For Lengths up
to 12 ftC
[4 m], incl
For Lengths Over
12 to 25 ft
[4 to 8 m],
incl
Over Under Over Under
Up to .500 [13.00], incl 1/16 [1.5] 0 1/8 [3.0] 0
Over .500 to 2 [13.00 to
50.00], incl
1/2 [13] 0 3/4 [19.0] 0
Over 2 to 4 [50.00 to
100.00], incl
3/4 [19] 0 1 [25.00] 0
Over 4 to 6 [100.00 to
150.00], incl
1 [25] 0 11/4 [31.50] 0
Over 6 to 9 [150.00 to
225.00], incl
11/4 [31.5] 0 11/2 [38.00] 0
Over 9 to 12 [225.00 to
300.00], incl
11/2 [38] 0 2 [50.00] 0
A The maximum width of bar flats is 10 in. [250 mm].
B Random Lengths—When ordered as random lengths, permissible variation is
2 ft [0.6 m] over and under the specified length. When ordered as random lengths
subject to a minimum length requirement, permissible variation is 2 ft [0.6 m] over
and nothing under the specified length.
C For lengths under 3 ft [1 m] and sizes up to 1/2 in. [13.00 mm] incl., the
permissible variation in length is 1/32 in. [0.80 mm] over and nothing under.
A 484/A 484M – 03a
8
14.1.8 Charpy V-Notch Impact Test—Test Methods and
Definitions A 370.
Inspection
15.1 Civilian Procurement—Inspection of the material shall
be as agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier as
part of the purchase contract.
15.2 Government Procurement—Unless otherwise specified
in the contract or purchase order: the seller is responsible for
the performance of all inspection and test requirements in this
specification; the seller is permitted to use their own facilities
or other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection
and testing; and, the purchaser shall have the right to perform
any of the inspection and tests set forth in this specification.
The manufacturer shall afford the purchaser’s inspector all
reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy purchaser that the
material is being furnished in accordance with the specification.
Inspection by the purchaser shall not interfere unnecessarily
with the manufacturer.
Rejection and Rehearing
16.1 The purchaser is permitted to reject material that fails
to conform to the requirements of this specification. Rejection
shall be reported to the producer or supplier promptly, preferably
in writing. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of a
test, the producer or supplier is permitted to make claim for a
rehearing.
Certification
17.1 Acertified report of the test results shall be furnished at
time of shipment. The report shall include the ASTM specification
designation, year date and revision, if any.
17.2 A document printed from or used in electronic form
from an electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall be
regarded as having the same validity as a counterpart printed in
the certifier’s facility. The content of the EDI transmitted
document shall meet the requirements of the invoked ASTM
standard(s) and conform to any existing EDI agreement between
the purchaser and the supplier. Not withstanding the
absence of a signature, the organization submitting the EDI
transmission is responsible for the content of the report.
Product Marking
18.1 Civilian Procurement:
18.1.1 Bars and shapes shall be marked or tagged with the
name of manufacturer, purchaser’s name and order number,
ASTM specification designation, heat number, grade or type,
condition, finish, and where appropriate, the size, length, and
weight. Unless otherwise specified, the method of marking is at
the option of the manufacturer. Marking shall be made by hot
stamping, cold stamping, or painting of bars, or by marking
tags attached to bundles, lifts, or boxes.
18.1.2 Forgings shall be legibly die stamped with the
manufacturer’s symbol or name, material specification designation,
grade or type, and heat identification. When die
stamping is not permitted by the purchaser, electric pencil or
electro-etching shall be used.
18.2 Government Procurement:
18.2.1 When specified in the contract or order, and for direct
procurement by or direct shipment to the government, marking
for shipment, in addition to any requirements specified in the
contract or order, shall be in accordance with MIL-STD-129
for military agencies and in accordance with Fed. Std. No. 123
for civil agencies.
18.2.2 For government procurement by the Defense Supply
Agency, bars and shapes shall be marked continuously for
identification in accordance with Fed. Std. No. 183.
Packaging and Package Marking
19.1 Unless otherwise specified, the bars and shapes shall be
packaged and loaded in accordance with Practices A 700.
19.2 When specified in the contract or order, and for direct
procurement by or direct shipment to the government, when
TABLE 11 Permitted Variations in Length of Hot-Finished or
Cold-Finished Bars Machine Cut After Machine Straightening
NOTE 1—These tolerances are not applicable when bars are ordered
random length.
Specified Size of
Rounds, Squares,
Hexagons, Octagons,
and Width of
Flats,A in. [mm]
Permitted Variations in Length, in. [mm]
For Lengths up to 12
ft [4 m], incl
For Lengths Over 12
to 25 ft [4 to 8 m], incl
Over Under Over Under
To 3 [75], incl 1/8 [3.0] 0 3/16 [4.8] 0
Over 3 to 6 [75 to 150], incl 3/16 [4.8] 0 1/4 [6.5] 0
Over 6 to 9 [150 to 225], incl 1/4 [6.5] 0 5/16 [8.0] 0
Over 9 to 12 [225 to 300], incl 1/2 [13.0] 0 1/2 [13.0] 0
A The maximum width of bar flats is 10 in. [250 mm].
TABLE 12 Permitted Variations in Straightness of Machine
Straightened Hot-Finished or Cold-Finished BarsA
Measurement is taken on the concave side of the bar with a straightedge.
Unless otherwise specified, hot-finished or cold-finished bars for machining
purposes are furnished machine straightened to the following tolerances:
Hot finished:
1/8 in. [3.00 mm] in any 5 ft [1.50 m]; but may not exceed
1/8 in. [3.00 mm] x (length in ft/5) [m/1.50]
Cold finished:
1/16 in. [1.5 mm] in any 5 ft [1.5 m]; but may not exceed
1/16 in. [1.5 mm] x (length in ft/5) [m/1.50]
A Straightness tolerances have not been established for sizes less than 1/2 in.
[6.50 m].
TABLE 13 Permitted Variations for Hot-Finished Angles
NOTE 1—For unequal leg angles, the longer leg determines the tolerance
for the length of each leg.
Weight:A
For angles of 6 lb/ft [9.0 kg/m] or less, the weight tolerances shall not exceed
671/2 %. For angles over 6 lb/ft [9 kg/m], the weight tolerance shall not exceed
641/2 %.
Length of Legs:
For angles having legs or flanges up to 6 in. [150 mm], incl, the length tolerance
shall not exceed 61/8 in. [3.00 mm]. For angles having legs or flanges
over 6 in., the length tolerance shall not exceed +3/16 in. [5.00 mm] and -1/8 in.
Squareness of Legs:
The tolerance for the right angle between the legs is 62°.
A For equal leg angles, the theoretical weight per foot is:
Weight/foot = (24 W 3 t – 12t2) (0.2871 lb/ft)
where W is the specified length of the leg, and t is the specified thickness, both in
inches.
For unequal leg angles, the theoretical weight per foot is:
Weight/foot = [12 W1 3 t + 12 W2 3 t- 12t2] (0.2871 lb/ft)
where W1 and W2 are the specified leg lengths, and t is the specified leg
thickness, all in inches.
A 484/A 484M – 03a
9
LevelAis specified, preservation, packaging, and packing shall
be in accordance with the Level A requirements of MIL-STD-
163.
Keywords
20.1 general delivery requirements; stainless steel bars;
stainless steel billets; stainless steel forgings; stainless steel
shapes
TABLE 14 Permitted Variations in Size of Hot-Finished Channels
Specified Size of Channel, in. [mm]
Size Tolerances, Over and Under, in. [mm]
Depth of SectionA Width of Flanges
Thickness of Web for Thickness Given Out-of-SquareB of
Either Flange, in./in.
[mm/ mm] of
Flange Width
To 3/16 incl
[5.00 mm]
Over 3/16
[5.00 mm]
To 11/2 [38.00], incl 3/64 [1.20] 3/64 [1.20] 0.015 [0.41] 0.023 [0.60] 3/64 [1.20]
Over 11/2 to 3 [38.00 to 75.00], excl 3/32 [2.40] 3/32 [2.40] 0.023 [0.60] 0.030 [0.80] 3/64 [1.20]
A Channel depth is measured at back of web.
B For channels 5/8 in. [15.50 mm] and under in depth, the out-of-square tolerance is 5/64 in./in. [2.00 mm/mm] of depth. Out-of-squareness is determined by placing a
square against the bottom surface of the web and measuring the amount of toe-in or toe-out of either flange. Measurements for depth of section and width of flanges are
over-all.
TABLE 15 Permitted Variations in Size of Hot-Finished Tees
Specified Size of Tee,
in. [mm]A
Width or Depth, in.B Thickness of Flange, in. [mm] Thickness of Stem, in. [mm] Stem Out-of-
SquareC in.
Over Under Over Under Over Under [mm]
To 11/2 [38.00], incl. 5/64 [2.00] 5/64 [2.00] 0.015 [0.38] 0.015 [0.38] 0.008 [0.20] 0.030 [0.75] 3/64 [1.20]
Over 11/2 to 2 [38.00 to 50.00],
incl
3/32 [2.40] 3/32 [2.40] 0.018 [0.46] 0.018 [0.46] 0.015 [0.38] 0.030 [0.75] 3/32 [2.40]
Over 2 to 3 [50.00 to 75.00],
excl
9/64 [3.60] 9/64 [3.60] 0.023 [0.60] 0.023 [0.60] 0.023 [0.60] 0.030 [0.75] 9/64 [3.60]
A The longer member of an unequal tee determines the size for tolerances.
B Measurements for both width and depth are over-all.
C Stem out-of-square is the variation from its true position of the center line of stem measured at the point.
TABLE 16 Permitted Variations in Size of Hot-Extruded Shapes
Specified Size, in [mm]
Section Tolerances, in. [mm]
Over Under
Dimensions under 1 [25] 0.020
[0.50]
0.020
[0.50]
Dimensions 1 to 3 [25 to 75], excl 0.031
[0.80]
0.031
[0.80]
Dimensions 3 to 4 [75 to 100], incl. 0.046
[1.20]
0.046
[1.20]
Over 4 [100] 0.062
[1.60]
0.062
[1.60]
TABLE 17 Angularity Tolerance for Extruded Shapes
Plus and minus max 2°
TABLE 18 Length Tolerances for Extruded Shape LengthA,B
Specified Size
For Lengths up to 12 ft
[4 m], incl.
For Lengths over 12 ft
[4 m]
Over Under Over Under
Up to 3 in. [75 mm], excl 3/16 in. [4.8 mm] 0 1/4 in. [6.5 mm] 0
A Multiple Lengths—Unless otherwise specified, 1/4 in. [6.5 mm] is added to the
total length of each piece for each multiple contained.
B Random Lengths—When ordered as random lengths, permissible variation is
2 ft [0.6 m] over and under the specified length. When ordered as random lengths
subject to a minimum length requirement, permissible variation is 2 ft [0.6 m] over
and nothing under the specified length.
A 484/A 484M – 03a
10
TABLE 19 Twist Tolerances
NOTE 1—The amount of spiraling in an extruded shape is called twist.
It can be measured by the height of the high corner from a flat reference
base (established rise).
NOTE 2—Using the following calculation the twist tolerance must not
exceed what is shown in the table.
Rise in 5 ft.=
established rise x number of ft in length
5
Section Width Rise in 5 ft
1/2 in. [13 mm] to 11/2 in. [39 mm] 0.125 in. [3.00 mm]
Over 11/2 in. [39 mm] to 4 in. [100 mm] 0.188 in. [4.80 mm]
Over 4 in. [100 mm] 0.250 in. [6.50 mm]
NOTE 1—Camber or bow tolerances shall not exceed 0.025 in. [0.60
mm] 3 length in ft [m/3 ].
Camber tolerances for hot finished or extruded shapes camber (or bow)
is the greatest deviation of a side from a straight line. Measurement is
taken on the concave side of the shapes with a straight edge.
FIG. 1 Camber or Bow Tolerances
NOTE 1—Allowable deviation from flat is max 0.010 in. [0.25 mm] per
1 in. [25 mm] of width. Maximum deviation on dimensions of less than 1
in. [25 mm] is 0.010 in. [0.250 mm].
The transverse flatness tolerance is the maximum deviation from a
reference base across any cross-section flat surface.
FIG. 2 Transverse Flatness Tolerances
A 484/A 484M – 03a
11
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW MATERIALS
A1.1 New materials may be proposed for inclusion in
specifications referencing this Specification of General Requirements,
subject to the following conditions:
A1.1.1 The application for the addition of a new grade to a
specification shall be made to the chairman of the subcommittee
which has jurisdiction over that specification.
A1.1.2 The application shall be accompanied by a statement
from at least one user indicating that there is a need for the new
grade to be included in the applicable specification.
A1.1.3 The application shall be accompanied by test data as
required by the applicable specification. Test data from a
minimum of three test lots, as defined by the specification, each
from a different heat, shall be furnished.
A1.1.4 The application shall provide recommendations for
all requirements appearing in the applicable specification.
A1.1.5 The application shall state whether the new grade is
covered by patent.
APPENDIXES
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. RATIONALE REGARDING DEFINITION OF LOT FOR MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND CORROSION TESTING
X1.1 It is generally recognized that material described as a
lot must be “produced under the same processing conditions,”
which means the same manufacturing order number, same size,
same heat, same heat-treating procedure, and same subsequent
processing. Under those conditions, single samples can be
selected to be representative of the total lot, with at least one
sample for each 20 000 pounds of material.
X1.2 Following the principle described in X1.1 generally
requires that the producer control each of several furnace loads
constituting the same lot so that:
X1.2.1 Set point temperature and process tolerance match,
X1.2.2 Time at temperature for all thermal treatment shall
match within 10 %,
X1.2.3 All furnaces used be similar in size and meet the
uniformity requirements of a documented furnace quality
assurance program and,
X1.2.4 The quench systems are the same with respect to
volume, type of quenchant, and circulation rate.
X1.2.5 Further, it would be expected that grouped loads be
handled within a relatively short time period, and that hardness
testing be performed on at least one sample per charge.
X1.3 The old definition of a lot for mechanical testing
based on simply the words “same size, heat, and heat treatment
charge in a batch furnace” assumes that heat treating is the only
process affecting properties. This kind of definition ignores the
effects of other processing, prior to and subsequent to heat
treating. Moreover, it assumes that each heat-treated batch will
be uniform and unique rather than reproducible. In reality, heat
treating is a process which can be controlled easily throughout
a batch and from batch to batch, with the net result that
multiple batches can be considered part of a single lot if
equipment and processing parameters meet the mandates of
X1.1 and X1.2.
X1.4 The sampling specified for mechanical properties is
not a statistical sampling plan. Therefore, it provides only
typical data. Assurance of uniformity within the lot can be
obtained only by the producer adequately controlling the
processing parameters.
X2. BAR CODING
X2.1 Bar coding to identify steel is not specifically addressed
in Committee A01 specifications. Committee A01
endorses the AIAG bar code standard for primary metals for
steel products and proposes that this bar coding standard be
considered as a possible auxiliary method of identification.
A 484/A 484M – 03a
12
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(A 484/A 484M – 00) that may impact the use of this standard (approved April 10, 2003).
(1) Heat treatment for S32101 added to Table 2.
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (A 484/A 484M – 03)
that may impact the use of this standard (approved June 10, 2003).
(1) Minimum temperature revised in Table 2, Footnote C.
(www.astm.org).
A 484/A 484M – 03a

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